Red and white pine
Red and white pine forests occur on sandy to dry-mesic soils, with fire return intervals between 50 and 250 years. Common tree species include red and white pine, red maple, black cherry, and bigtooth aspen.
Forest [FAR1]
Legacy FAR1 strategy/approaches.
Taxonomy Machine Name
niacs_strategy
Taxonomy Alias
far1
Jack pine
Jack pine forests occur on coarse-textured, droughty soils with fire return intervals between 50 and 250 years. Common tree species include jack, red, and white pine, and northern red, northern pin, and black oak.
Upland spruce-fir
This forest system occurs on nutrient-poor soils or glacial lake plains, and is often restricted to high snowfall areas with short growing seasons. Common tree species include balsam fir, white spruce, white pine, and other boreal species.
MyLandPlan.org
This website is designed to help landowners develop forest management goals and objectives for their property.
Regular management may help reduce the risk of Managed Red Pine stands to climate change.
Thinning can reduce competition for moisture, nutrients, and light in managed stands. Undermanaged stands are typically overstocked and more susceptible to a variety of stressors.
Managed Red Pine forests typically have low diversity and few options for responding to changing conditions.
Managed Red Pine forests typically have low diversity of species, age classes, and structures, which may make them less resilient to changing conditions. Higher diversity and complexity in all of these features can give a forest more possible pathways to respond to changing or unexpected conditions. Additionally, red pine has low genetic diversity as a species, so there may be limited possibility to favor more suited genotypes or for the species to evolve greater tolerance for future climate conditions.
Insect pests and diseases may have more negative impacts on Managed Red Pine stands under climate change.
Diseases and insect pests are currently not responsible for much mortality in mature red pine stands, but they may become more damaging under warmer conditions. Longer growing seasons and milder winters might allow populations of native forest pests to build more rapidly, and many pests have been shown to be more damaging when interacting with trees that are already stressed due to droughts or other impacts. New agents such as annosum root rot or western bark beetles may also enter northern Minnesota in the future.
Modeling results for red pine in northern Minnesota are mixed across a range of climate change scenarios.
Multiple forest impact models tend to agree that this species is more likely to increase or remain constant in suitable habitat and biomass under a mild climate scenario by the end of the century. Under a more extreme climate scenario, results are mixed. Suitable habitat for red pine may shift from north-central Minnesota to northeast Minnesota by the end of the century. Particular areas may become more or less suitable, but changes are projected to be moderate across northern Minnesota.
Regenerating red pine stands may become more difficult under climate change in northern Minnesota.
Natural regeneration is very rare in managed red pine systems due to shoot blight and deer herbivory, so maintaining red pine in these stands depends on planting seedlings following harvest. Seasonal shifts in precipitation patterns may impair the survival of planted seedlings, particularly if the trend is for wetter springs and drier summers.