Multiple forest impact models tend to agree that this species is more likely to increase or remain constant in suitable habitat and biomass under a mild climate scenario by the end of the century. Under a more extreme climate scenario, results are mixed. Suitable habitat for red pine may shift from north-central Minnesota to northeast Minnesota by the end of the century. Particular areas may become more or less suitable, but changes are projected to be moderate across northern Minnesota. The natural distribution of red pine is limited by summer high temperatures, so this species may be more vulnerable in areas projected to experience more warming under climate change.
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