Terrestrial ecosystems in Hawaii have a high carbon sequestration capacity due to the year-round warm, wet climate and highly fertile soils. However, decreases in carbon sequestration are predicted through 2061, due to decreases in net primary production (NPP), increased carbon losses from land-use change, and increased aquatic carbon-leaching losses to nearshore waters. Hawai'i island is projected to remain a net carbon sink through 2061, due to terrestrial carbon sequestration. The islands of Kaua'i and O'ahu are projected to become net carbon sources by 2061, due to land use change.