Invasive species such as buckthorn, honeysuckle, and garlic mustard are expected to become more problematic under climate change.

There are many invasive plant species, insect pests, and forest diseases that have negative impacts on central oak-pine forests, many of which are expected to increase through the direct and indirect effects of climate change. Invasive species such as buckthorn, honeysuckle, and garlic mustard are already threats to some forests, and invasive species are expected to increase in abundance under climate change, particularly where forests are disturbed. Invasive species can also impair regeneration of native species.