Invasive species such as Japanese stiltgrass and buckthorn are expected to become more problematic under climate change.

There are many invasive plant species, insect pests, and forest diseases that have negative impacts on lowland and riparian hardwoods, many of which are expected to increase through the direct and indirect effects of climate change. Invasive species such as Japanese stiltgrass and buckthorn are existing threats to these forests, and invasive species are expected to increase in abundance under climate change, particularly where forests are disturbed.